Train Terms in Sanskrit

 Train Terms in Sanskrit




This is a joyous article for me to write because I love trains. Ever since I was a child watching Thomas or Chugginton or frequently checking out books about trains from the school library, I never stopped being fascinated by trains. I will admit, it has been years since my last "I like trains" phase, but I hope by writing this article, I will revisit it. Trains in India have a gloomy history, associated with the British colonization, but that won't stop me from coining Sanskrit words for railway terminology. Now, it turns out that many relevant words have neologisms already coined, thus my work will be relatively easy. 

Now many Indian languages have borrowed the English word "rail" to refer to trains or the rails. In Telugu, a train is called "railu", and in Hindi it is called "railgadi". There already exists a neologism in Sanskrit for train, which is "रेलयान". The word "रेल" will be the standard word to mean "rail". There also exists the neologism for train station which is "रेलस्थान​". Another neologism is already there for "railway" , which is रेलमार्ग​. A track would be रेलपथ​. A Railroad Crossing would be रेलक्रमण​. 

We shall first start with the parts of a train. The engine or locamotive can be reffered to with existing Hindi neologism, though vary scant, चलित्र​, meaning"tool for moving". Thus: रेल​-चलित्र​.
A steam locamotive is धूम​-चलित्र or उष्म-चलित्र. A diesel locamotive is तैल​-चलित्र​. An electric locamotive can be विद्युत्-चलित्र​.​​ Now, the SpokenSanskrit dictionary has various neologism for coaches, which I will list: स्यन्दन​, पथिकयान​, शकट​. I will stick to the first and third. Thus coach is रेल-स्यन्दन and रेल​-शकट​​. 

Almost every train has a distinct coupler. A coupler can be संयोक्त्र​ or just योक्त्र​. There are various types of couplers, which I will now enumerate the two main types. A Link-and-Pin Coupler is कटक​-सूची-संयोक्त्र or कटक​-संयोक्त्र for short.  A Knuckle Coupler will literally be rendered has "handle (like) coupler" or कर​-संयोक्त्र​.The bogie is a the wheelset of a train coach. I will borrow the English word directly as बोगि. The crank-shaft of a steam engine will be Spoken Sanskrit dictionary's word for crankshaft, which is कूर्परेषा. The cowcatcher will be called विघ्नवर्त्र​ or "warder of obstacles". The smokestack will be called धूमनाल​ or "tube for smoke", and there is already a neologism for a boiler, which is भाष्पित्र​. The buffer will be called रोधक.​ 

Now three types of trains I want to draw attention to are the Bullet Train, MagLev, Monorail, subway train.  A Bullet Train is a तक्व-रेलयान​ (fast train). A Maglev would आयस्कान्त​-उत्प्लव-रेलयान (magnetic floating train) or आयस्कान्त​-रेलयान for short. A monorail is "one rail (going) train" or एकरेलयान. A short hand name could be just "going on one rail" or एकरेलग​. A subway train is known for going underground so "under the earth train" or भूम्यन्तर​-रेलयान​. A short hand could be "going under the earth" or भूम्यन्तरगामिन्. The SpokenSanskrit dictionary gives सुरङ्गयान​ or "tunnel vehicle", but I want to use a different word.

Now onto the various types of train cars. The Passanger Car is just यात्रिक​-शकट​. A Boxcar is कोष्ठ​-शकट​. A Flatcar is समतल-शकट​. A Freight Car in general is वस्तुधर​-शकट (carrying things car). A Hopper Car is पुटक​-शकट​. A cylindrical Tank Car is रंभकोष्ठ-शकट. The Caboose is अन्तिम​-शकट​.​


Summary

Rail: रेल
Railroad: रेलमार्ग
Train Track: रेलपथ
Railroad Crossing: रेलक्रमण​

Train: रेलयान
Train Station: रेलस्थान 
Engine/Locamotive: चलित्र
Steam Locamotive: धूम​-चलित्र or उष्म-चलित्र
Diesel Locamotive:  तैल​-चलित्र
Electric Locamotive: विद्युत्-चलित्र
Coach: रेल-स्यन्दन or रेल​-शकट

Coupler: संयोक्त्र​ or योक्त्र
Link-and-Pin Coupler: कटक​-सूची-संयोक्त्र or कटक​-संयोक्त्र 
Knuckle Coupler: कर​-संयोक्त्र​
Bogie: बोगि
Crankshaft: कूर्परेषा
Cowcatcher: विघ्नवर्त्र
Smokestack: धूमनाल
Boiler: भाष्पित्र
Buffer: रोधक

Bullet Train: तक्व-रेलयान​
MagLev: आयस्कान्त​-उत्प्लव-रेलयान or आयस्कान्त​-रेलयान
Monorail: एकरेलयान or एकरेलग
Subway Train:  भूम्यन्तर​-रेलयान​ or भूम्यन्तरगामिन् or सुरङ्गयान​ 

Passenger Car: यात्रिक​-शकट​
Freight Car: वस्तुधर​-शकट 
Boxcar: कोष्ठ​-शकट
Flatcar: समतल-शकट
Hopper Car: पुटक​-शकट​
Tank Car: रंभकोष्ठ-शकट
Caboose: अन्तिम​-शकट

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